CSA Unveils Standard for Smart Home Devices

3.18.24 – The Verge

We’re one step closer to a global cybersecurity standard for smart home devices.

The organization behind Matter is launching a new product label that should make it easier to determine whether your smart home gadget is secure.

The Connectivity Standards Alliance has introduced the IoT Device Security Specification 1.0, a new certification program that aims to standardize security for consumer IoT devices, addressing the privacy and security concerns surrounding smart home technology. This global initiative, represented by the Product Security Verified Mark, will be displayed on devices that have undergone the certification process.

As useful as connected devices like video doorbells and smart lights are, it’s wise to exercise caution when using connected tech in your home, especially after years of reading about security camera hacks, fridge botnet attacks, and smart stoves turning themselves on. But until now, there hasn’t been an easy way to assess a product’s security chops. A new program from the Connectivity Standards Alliance (CSA), the group behind the smart home standard Matter, wants to fix that.

Announced this week, the CSA’s IoT Device Security Specification is a baseline cybersecurity standard and certification program that aims to provide a single, globally recognized security certification for consumer IoT devices.

Device makers who adhere to the specification and go through the certification process can carry the CSA’s new Product Security Verified (PSV) Mark. If that security camera or smart lightbulb you’re buying carries the mark, you’ll know it has met requirements to help secure it from malicious hacking attempts and other intrusions that could impact your privacy. 

“It’s a huge step forward to have a global consumer IoT security certification. It’s so much better than not having one,” Steve Hanna, Infineon

“Research continually shows that consumers rate security as an important device purchase driver, but they don’t know what to look for from a security perspective to make an informed purchase decision,” Eugene Liderman, director of mobile security strategy at Google, tells The Verge. “Programs like this will give consumers a simple, easily identifiable indicator to look for.”

Liderman is part of the CSA working group that defined the 1.0 spec for the program, which has been developed by over 200 member companies of the CSA. These include (along with Google) Amazon, Comcast, Signify (Philips Hue), and several chipmakers such as Arm, Infineon, and NXP.

According to Tobin Richardson, CEO of the CSA, products carrying the PSV Mark could start to appear as soon as this holiday shopping season.  

The CSA’s new product security verification mark. Image: CSA

One cybersecurity mark to rule them all

The CSA’s announcement on March 18th follows last week’s news that the FCC has approved implementing its new cybersecurity labeling program for consumer IoT devices in the US. Both programs are voluntary, and the CSA’s label doesn’t compete with the US Cyber Trust Mark. Instead, it goes a step further, taking all of the US requirements and adding cybersecurity baselines from similar programs in Singapore and Europe. The end result is a single specification and certification program that can work across multiple countries (see sidebar). 

The CSA’s IoT cybersecurity standards requirements

The following IoT device cybersecurity standards and regulations are the core requirements of the standard the CSA’s specification and certification program for its Product Security Verified Mark:

• US NIST requirements – NIST 8259, MIST IR 8425, NIST SP 800-213, and various laws
• EU ETSI requirements – such as IEC 62443 & ETSI EN 303 645
• Cyber Security Agency Singapore IoT labeling scheme

According to Tobin Richardson of the CSA, this is a comprehensive set of requirements that should cover most, if not all, of other government requirements. However, the spec can be updated with any additional requirements as more countries participate. 

Source: CSA

Richardson says the goal is for the CSA’s PSV Mark to be recognized by governments, so manufacturers can go through just one certification process to sell in all the major markets. This could reduce cost and complexity for manufacturers and potentially bring more choice to consumers. 

The PSV Mark has been recognized by the Cyber Security Agency of Singapore, and the CSA says it is working on mutual recognition with similar programs in the US, EU, and the UK. “It’s very likely, and with some [countries], it’s a certainty,” says Richardson. “It’s mainly a matter of tying up some paperwork.”

To get the PSV Mark, devices must comply with the IoT Device Security Specification 1.0 and go through a certification program that involves answering a questionnaire and providing accompanying evidence to an authorized test laboratory. Highlights of the requirements include:

• Unique identity for each IoT Device
• No hardcoded default passwords
• Secure storage of sensitive data on the device
• Secure communications of security-relevant information
• Secure software updates throughout the support period
• Secure development process, including vulnerability management
• Public documentation regarding security, including the support period

(Source: CSA)

According to the CSA, the voluntary program applies to most connected smart home devices — including lightbulbs, switches, thermostats, and security cameras — and can be applied retroactively to products in the market. Along with the PSV Mark, “A printed URL, hyperlink, or QR code on the mark gives consumers access to more information about the device’s security features,” the CSA says in its press release.

The program is focused specifically on device security — making sure the physical device itself can’t be accessed — rather than privacy. “But there is a close linkage in that you can’t have privacy without security,” says Richardson. While security impacts privacy, this program doesn’t offer many requirements around how a manufacturer uses the data a device collects. The CSA has a separate Data Privacy Working Group dealing with that can of worms.  

Better security, but still not perfect

The current iteration of the program isn’t a silver bullet to solve IoT device security concerns. Steve Hanna of Infineon Technologies, a 25-year cybersecurity researcher and chair of the CSA working group for the program, told The Verge there’s still more he’d like to see incorporated. “But we have to crawl, walk, and then run,” he says. “It’s a huge step forward to have a global consumer IoT security certification. It’s so much better than not having one.”

Google’s Liderman also points out that meeting the minimum security standard doesn’t guarantee a device is vulnerability-free. “We greatly believe that the industry needs to raise the bar over time, especially for sensitive product categories,” he says.

The CSA plans to keep the specification updated, requiring companies to recertify at least every three years. Additionally, Richardson says there will be a requirement for an incident response process, so if a company encounters a security issue — such as Wyze’s recent problems — it must fix those before it can be recertified. 

An API could allow a smart home platform app to alert you to a device’s security status before it can join your network

To address concerns about misuse of the label, Hanna says the CSA will have a database of all certified products on its website so you can cross-check a company’s claims. He also says there are plans to make the information available in an API, which could allow your smart home platform app to alert you to a device’s security status before it can join your network.

Hanna cautions against setting expectations too high. “Some companies are excited about it to recognize the work they have already done, but we shouldn’t expect every product to have this,” he says. Some may find they have problems that mean they can’t get certified, he says. “If or when these become required by governments, that’s where the rubber hits the road.”

A voluntary program may seem like a finger in the dam, but it does solve two basic problems. For manufacturers, it makes it simpler to comply with regulations from multiple countries in one step, while for consumers, it opens an avenue to information about what type of security practices a company adheres to.

“Without a label or a mark, it can be difficult as a consumer to make a purchasing decision based on security,” says Hollie Hennessy, an IoT cybersecurity expert at tech analyst firm Omdia. While the program being voluntary could be a barrier to adoption, Hennessy says her firm’s research indicates people are more likely to purchase a device with privacy and security labeling.

Ultimately, Hennessy believes that a combination of standards and certifications like this, along with regulations and legislationis needed to solve consumer concerns about privacy and security in connected devices. But this move is a big step in the right direction.